Description
Adriano Banchieri(1568-1634)II Zabaione musicale Festino nella seradel giovedi grasso avanti cena, op. 18 Adriano Banchieri wasa man of considerable versatility, a composer, dramatist, organist andtheorist. Born in Bologna in 1568, he studied the organ and composition as apupil of Giose!lo Guami, who had himself studied with Adrian Willaert and AnnibalePadovano as a member of the musical establishment at St Mark's in Venice, wherehe was later second organist under Giovanni Gabrieli, before returning to hisnative Lucca as organist at the cathedral there. Banchieri entered the Olivetanmonastic order in 1587, taking the name in religion of Adriano and in 1590making his solemn profession. Thereafter he was employed at various houses ofhis order, serving as organist in Lucca in 1592, in Siena the following year and from1596 at S Michele in Bosco near Bologna, where he had moved in 1594. His term of service therewas interrupted from 1600 to 1604, when he was organist at S Maria in Regola atImola, followed by employment at the monastery of S Pietro at Gubbio andsubsequently at churches in Venice and in Verona. In 1607 he dedicated the new organ at the Siena mother-house of hisorder, Monte Oliveto Maggiore. In 1609 he returned to S Michele in Bosco.There, in 1615, he founded the Accademia dei Floridi, assuming the name of IIdissonante, following the usual practice of these enthusiastic groups ofscholars, musicians and amateurs, the members of which took more or lessappropriate pseudonyms. Monteverdi visited the Accademia in 1620 on theoccasion of his eldest son Francesco's entry into the order of DiscalcedCarmelites, where, presumably, he hoped to continue his activities as amusician. The Accademia held a meeting on 13th June, the feast of St Anthony ofPadua, in Monteverdi'shonour, with the additional presence of a number of leading musicians from Bologna, including Girolamo Giacobbi,maestro di cappella at the basilica of S Petronio, an importantmusical centre, a close friend of Banchieri. The Accademia changed its name tothe Accademia dei Filomusi in 1622, when it began to meet in the house of GirolamoGiacobbi, a change followed by the emergence in 1633 of the Accademia dei Filaschi,the direct progenitor of the influential Accademia Filarmonica of Bologna, established in1666. Banchieri was given the honorary title of Abbot in 1618, moving to S Bernardo in Bologna only in 1634, theyear of his death from apoplexy. Banchieri occupied aposition of importance among his contemporaries as an organist. As a theorist,he involved himself in the musical controversies of the time, in particular inattempts to reconcile the traditional modal practice of composers with the newtendency towards major and minor keys. Compositions of his were printed with anorgan bass and with dynamic directions of piano or forte, apractice unusual at the time. He wrote a quantity of church music, but alsoadded significantly to secular repertoire in a series of three-voice canz