Description
Georg Muffat (1653-1704)Ausserlesene Instrumental-Music: Twelve Concerti Grossi, Vol.1The father of nine sons who won musical distinction, Georg Muffat himself was born in 1653 in Mégève, in Savoy, a descendant of Scottish immigrants who had left their country during the anti-Catholic persecutions under Queen Elizabeth in England and the religious persecutions in Scotland in the same period. While his father, Andreas Muffat, appears to have been a Scot, his mother was French, but he regarded himself as German. In childhood he moved to Alsace and thence to Paris for study under Lully, returning from there to Alsace once more, until wars forced him to move, first to Vienna, then to Prague, to Salzburg and finally to Passau. His period of study with Lully seems to have continued from the age of ten to the age of sixteen, when he returned to Séléstadt and then to Molsheim to study at the Jesuit schools there. It was in 1674 that he moved to Ingolstadt, where he continued his studies, before moving to Vienna, where he received encouragement but not appointment from the Emperor Leopold I. In 1677 he was in Prague and by 1678 he was at the court of Archbishop Max Gandolf, Count von Künburg, in Salzburg, where he was employed as organist, despatched from there for study in Rome with Bernardo Pasquini and returning to Salzburg in 1682. In Rome he had met Corelli and heard his concerti grossi, while some of his own music had been played in Corellis house. On the death of the Archbishop in 1687, he found less favour from his successor and in 1690 appeared at the coronation of Archduke Joseph as King of Rome in Augsburg. In the same year he entered the service of the Bishop of Passau, Johann Philipp von Lamberg, as Court Kapellmeister and Master of the Court Pages. He remained there until his sudden death in 1704 after the surrender of Passau to Bavarian troops.The first collection of music published by Georg Muffat was his Armonico Tributo cioè Sonate di camera commodissime a pocchi ò a molti stromenti (Harmonic Tribute that is Chamber Sonatas most suitable for small or large numbers of instruments). This appeared in 1682 and was dedicated to Archbishop Max Gandolf von Künburg and represented the result of his study in Rome in a series of sonatas or concerti grossi that reflected the influence of Corelli. The Apparatus musico-organisticus followed in 1690, with a dedication to the Emperor on the occasion of the coronation of his son as King of Rome. In his dedication Muffat can still describe himself as organædus and cubicularius (organist and chamber musician) to the new Archbishop of Salzburg. In 1695 Muffat published in Augsburg his Suavioris harmoniæ instrumentalis hyporchematicæ florilegium primum, followed three years later by a second Florilegium. These two collections are of great importance in the development of the later Baroque synthesis of Italian and French styles, lear